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Zimandköz (Romanian: Zimandcuz) is a village formed in 1852-1853 on the Zimand puszta (or praedium, depopulated area) by about 87-89 (according to some sources, 92) Hungarian Roman-Catholic families of free farmers who were ousted from the western part of Arad County, Bánkút puszta, by their landlord. The farmers were probably poor Magyarized Slovaks or Hungarians from the Heves and Hont counties situated in northern Hungary. They settled near the Zimándújfalu (today Zimandu Nou) village that was formed in 1852.
In 1823, there were only 12 inhabitants found on the puszta, while the 1828 Hungarian census recorded one house with 7 inhabitants.
The Bánkuta puszta settlement was populated in 1843 with farmers from Heves county for the purpose of growing tobacco, who rented the land from the landlord. The contract between Samuel Wodianer, renowned banker and landlord, the son of Philip Wodianer, and the tenants (settlers) expired in 1846. Since the business was not profitable enough, Samuel Wodianer intended to oust the 171 families from their houses and remove them from Bánkuta puszta. The settlers filed a complaint with the king but the situation remained unresolved. As things went on, after the end of the 1848 revolution, the imperial administration took steps to settle this situation in a more rapid and brutal manner, between 1850 and 1852. On 9 March 1852 about 150 soldiers and a few police officers forcefully surrounded the village, confiscating animals and farmer belongings for subsequent selling, brutally destroying 72 houses and its inhabitants. After this armed intervention, only six families were left in the village, the rest being given travel papers and ousted. Most of them resettled to Nagykamaras, but about one quarter, or 87-89 families settled on the Zimand pusta. In 1833 there was only one house with 7 farmers growing tobacco on the Zimand pusta ("Trajan wirtschaft"). This led to the dissolution of the Bánkuta puszta which again became, for a while, a praedium. In 1855 there were only 36 inhabitants left from this community.[1]
Settlement name: 1863 Bánkut-Zimánd; 1873 Zimánd-Bánkut; 1920 Zimandul vechiu; today Zimandcuz.
Administration: Between 1863-1910 in Arad county, Aradi jaras, Kurtics commune. In 1920 in judetul (district) Arad, plasa Arad. In 1930, 1941 belongs to judetul (district) Arad, plasa Sfânta-Ana. In 1956 belongs to Regiunea (region) Timişoara, raionul Arad. In 1966 belongs to Regiunea Banat, comuna Zimandu Nou. Since 1977 belongs to judetul (district) Arad, comuna Zimandu Nou.
At the 1910 Hungarian census, the village had 1,043 inhabitants, motly Hungarian. The 1992 Romanian census counted 1,202 inhabitants (61% Hungarians, the remaining Romanians, Romany and others).
Zimand was first mentioned in documents in 1743, although the place name appears since 1315.
References
1. ↑ [1] -Szabó Ferenc: Megyes puszta XVIII-XIX. századi élete.
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